Why School Should Be Mandatory School Choice - 949 Words

Upon doing this research, I found new information pertaining to different types of school choices. What surprised me the most was the fact that a Charter School can shut its doors almost immediately if funding is not properly established and taken care of or if the school cannot perform and produce the desired academic results by the end of term (Shen, Y. 2011). I also found it fascinating that private schools set their own standards, up to a point, they can hire a teacher who does not meet the same requirements the a state mandates (Kauchak Eggen, 2014). Allowing school choice can have an impact on every type of schooling system. However, to first understand its affects, we must first explore what the intention of school choice is. Having school choice creates competition among all schools and is thought to help raise academic achievements (Lubienski, Gulosino, Weitzel, P. 2009). Just as individuals have the freedom to choose where to shop for food, parents have options of whe re to send their children for an education. Schools may create specialized programs often found in Magnet Schools, Public Schools may have a particular focus, Charter Schools may advertise smaller class size, and Private Schools may go for a value-driven and religious education. These focuses or programs make the school more attractive to parents and students. For example, a child from a low income family may not be able to attend a private school, but really wants to receive a religiousShow MoreRelatedEssay On School Uniforms1388 Words   |  6 PagesWindish English II 16 October 2017 Dress for Success Many schools have decided that having school uniforms is the best for their students. Other schools don’t want to limit the student’s freedom of speech. Schools can’t decide which is the best - have uniforms or not. School uniforms should be mandatory for all students considering the cost, right to freedom and academic success. One reason why school uniforms should be mandatory is the cost. It is more economical for people because it willRead MoreMandatory Classes in Public Schools803 Words   |  3 Pagesinformation from school in the real world? When will I ever use cursive again? Why do I have to memorize the entire periodic table? Why must I memorize the years served by every single president? These questions may sound redundant and obnoxious, but they occur on an everyday basis at school. There is also some truth behind it as well. The public school systems are having students decide their career pathways earlier and earlier every year. I recall taking career finder tests in middle school, at the mereRead MoreStandardized Testing Is Not Beneficial1702 Words   |  7 PagesStandardized Testing In the world today standardized testing is mandatory in all schools whether they are public or private. If schools continue to make these test mandatory, students grades will show the reflection of what they are not learning. The school might also receive less state funding due to poor performance on these tests. Once No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) was introduced US students slipped from 18th in the world in math in 2000 to 31st in 2009 (Standardized). Standardized testingRead MoreArgument Against School Uniforms993 Words   |  4 Pagesfor school? School uniform is what makes it easy! A set of clothing that is mainly worn, school uniform is one of the schools policy and recommendation. Generally worn in elementary and middle school, this outfit is composed of specific colors of long or short pants and shirts for boys, sometimes with a tie. Girls usually wear a dress or a blouse worn either with a skirt or pants, all however have the same colors. This dress code determines eve n the type of shoes that should be worn at school. SchoolRead MoreMandatory Drug Testing for High School Athletes Essay1338 Words   |  6 Pagesevents. Mandatory drug testing was not allowed in public schools until June 2002 when the Supreme Court allowed for public schools to do random drug testing (Carroll 23). This decision allowed for drug testing in all schools throughout the United States not just for athletes but also students who are in any activities within the school, for example clubs and competitive events (Carroll 23). Even though drug testing is now allowed by the Supreme Court many schools do not yet have mandatory drug testRead More Against Mandatory Attendance Policies in College Essay713 Words   |  3 Pages Mandatory Attendance Policies While studying or even registering for a class presents a challenge to some college students, the greatest obstacle remains, going to class. Attending college is supposed to signify a new found freedom to make many important choices regarding education without high school mandatory attendance policies. However, students everywhere are coming to the staggering realization that college is not too different from high school. Teachers still take class roll and studentsRead MoreBenefits Of A Uniformed School Day1550 Words   |  7 PagesA Uniformed School Day Uniforms have been a key element in promoting a successful, safe and unified establishment. Those successful establishments could possibly include a private high school, a sporting team, or even a business. Typically, private schools enforce the policy that a uniform most be worn by all enrolled students. But why hasn’t the majority of traditional public schools, developed uniform policies? Benefits of uniforms within schools may include, students feeling more professionalRead MoreResponsibility Essay1629 Words   |  7 Pagesway of solving in his essay Serve Or Fail. Eggers idea of making public service volunteering a mandatory part of your college education is brilliant and would no doubt aid in many areas of College students lives. According to Eggers, â€Å"...students saw [†¦] hours in need of killing – as opposed to thinking about giving a few of [those] hours to [the] community in one way or another† (583). Given the choice, students would rather become champions in Foosball or drinking games, than donate their obviouslyRead MoreThe Significance Of Sex Education982 Words   |  4 Pagesperspective on it. The more you learn, the more you realize how little you know. Sex education should be a mandatory part of the California public school curriculum because it helps teenagers to understand the impact of sexual activity in their daily lives. Sex is a healthy and natural activity in human life, learning about it can help teenagers life easier. To prevent diseases and pregnancy, teenager should definitely participate to learn about it. According to Hannah Fogg â€Å"Sex education is primarilyRead MoreShould Gym Class Be Mandatory For All Grades?1485 Words   |  6 PagesShould Gym Class Be Mandatory For All Grades? Physical education is good for students physically, mentally and socially. Taking proper care of their body can and will result in an unhealthy life and life style that could follow them for the rest of their lives. Schools all across the nation are full of obesity children. One of the problems is obesity, which is a growing epidemic in the United States, and it is said that seventy eight percent of Americans are not reaching basic activity level approvals

Stress Plays A Large Role In A College Student’S Daily

Stress plays a large role in a college student’s daily life with the abundance of tasks and responsibilities that they must take on. These stressors can lead to numerous risky behaviors which can affect the health of college students. Likewise, stress is one of the perils to academic performance (Pettit DeBarr, 2011). Caffeine usage has become prevalent among college students where 98% of participants in a study by Norton, Lazev, Sullivan (2011) consumed caffeine before. Caffeinated drinks, especially energy drinks have alarmed health professionals since there is a lack of regulation and overconsumption which can lead to major consequences such as hospitalization and possibly death (Pettit DeBarr, 2011). Many college students consume†¦show more content†¦The literature suggests that caffeine consumption shares a relationship with the amount of anticipated stress in undergraduate college students. (Errisuriz et al., 2016; Pettit DeBarr, 2011; Newlon Lovell, 2016; Simpson et al., 2016). Pettit DeBarr (2011) evaluated the perceived stress of 136 undergraduate students ages 18-24, with 61% of participants being female in a large southern plain university through a survey and found that participants with greater perceived stress ingested at least one energy beverage in the last 30 days and ingested greater amounts of energy drinks on average than the other participants. It was also noted that at least two-thirds (Pettit DeBarr, 2011) and 89 % (Norton et al., 2011) of the student sample had consumed at least one energy drink in the past month. In comparison, only a minority of participants (30 %) consumed energy drinks in a study conducted by Newlon Lovell (2016), which examined 116 community college freshmen in the Rocky Mountains through a survey. Both of these studies used the Perceived Stress Scale-14 for the determination of perceived stress. The studies were conducted on large campuses and had a higher number of female participants. Also, a majority of these st udies were done with participants that would identify themselves as a non-Hispanic. Non-consumers of energy drinks tended to have lower stress levels compared to participants who were consumersShow MoreRelatedDepression Among College Students2013 Words   |  9 PagesDepression Among College Students A young anonymous college freshman tells a story of the depression she faced throughout her first semester of college, through the transition and her roommate issues. Not only did it occur during her first semester, but through her second as well. Unfortunately, the depression overtook her life to the point of her desire to commit suicide. Luckily, she changed her mind in the last second and saved herself (Reachout.com). This young student is not just one of fewRead MoreRecently, More And More People’S Bodies Started To Have1381 Words   |  6 Pagesdepression, and the most serious one is heart disease (Landu). As the health issues become more and more serious, thus we need to think about what’s the origin of these health issues are. We find out that people are used to eat too much fast food, get stress from different some cases, poor sleeping habits and so on, those situations can be the reason why people’s bodies are such unhealthy. People frequently ignore th eir health condition, thus they do not realize the health issue of themselves until theRead MoreHomeschooling : An Educational Form1393 Words   |  6 Pageschildren valuable social development but also teach them to cope with stress and healthy lifestyles. In today’s increasingly stressful and inactive world, these practices are extremely valuable. Society would benefit from increasing the number of adjusted and healthy individuals. Lastly, sports often present talented students the opportunity at a higher education. Athletic scholarships aid many students in their expensive pursuit of a college degree. 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About four months into the school year I had do go to the doctor for a virus and when the nurse weighed me I was a little surprised by what I saw. I had gained a little over ten pounds, close enough to what some refer to as the â€Å"Freshman 15.† It is a common fear among college studentsRead MoreThe Awareness Of Cognitive Enhancers1644 Words   |  7 PagesAwareness of Cognitive Enhancers The season is finally here, many college students are making their way into the library and cramming information left and right for finals in hopes of not failing. With scholarly grades, comes hours of study sessions and hard work which results in an tremendous amount of stress put on an individual. As a result, many students resort to a different route and illegally acquire cognitive enhancements drugs in hopes of balancing their education and personal life. My firstRead MoreThe Inequality Of Class Mobility1515 Words   |  7 Pagesunderstand they are not confined to their current financial situation, they realize they can increase it, and that the legislature no longer plays a role in who has privilege. While this may be true, the great difference between the realization that one can improve their economic status to the reality of that happening disregards many important factors that come into play in this pursuit of wealth. Tocqueville specifically mentions that there is no legis lature that grants privileges, however, that is falseRead MoreCollege Education, Society, And The Future1467 Words   |  6 Pagesdistinguish whether a person has received a college degree or not. The difference might not be spotted at the moment, but it can be clearly recognized with more time spent beside the person. Confidence, satisfaction, sophistication, and economic power are some of the attributes that can differentiate an uneducated person from another. Having that said, college education does in fact change and affect a person’s health, economic power, and moral values. College education alleviates a person’s health inRead MoreThe Development Of A Child899 Words   |  4 Pagesintelligence on a daily basis. Someone may listen to his or her favorite song while exercising or practicing for athletic competitions. Similarly, one may listen to music while studying. This subconscious listening not only relieves one’s stress or energizes his or her emotions, but it improves the cognitive skills of the listener. In his work titled â€Å"The Effect of Mozart s Music on Social Learning Behavior of High School Students,† Jose Maria G. shows how music plays an integral role in assistingRead MoreThe Achievement Gap Among Minority Students2158 Words   |  9 Pageswhether this bridge of neglect could be identified, researched, implemented, and then corrected before these students reach the middle and/or high school levels. In addition, it will touch on the different matters that contribute to the minority student’s overall being from their home life to school. There are several factors that contribute to this â€Å"gap† in learning among minority students. There were four main factors that were identified as key concepts that were explored and organized during this

Economic Impact Of The Disease Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

Whooping cough whooping cough is a contagious respiratory piece of land unwellness caused by a fastidious Gram negative coccobacillus, Bordetella whooping cough, or on occasion B. parapertussis ( Edmunds et al. , 2002 ) , with sole affinity for the mucosal beds of the human respiratory piece of land. We will write a custom essay sample on Economic Impact Of The Disease Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is a vaccinum preventable disease recognized world-wide as a extremely infective disease with important associated childhood morbidity, showing clinically as pneumonia, purging, choking enchantments, ictuss, encephalopathy and decease ( Galanis et al. , 2006 ; Health Canada, 2005 ; [ 2 ] . Globally, an estimated 50 million instances of whooping cough disease and 300,000 pertussis- related deceases occur yearly, largely among babies who are excessively immature to hold completed the primary inoculation series ( Halperin, 2001 ) . In the past decennary, an addition in the incidence has been observed in many developed states combined with a displacement in the incidence towards older age groups which may be related to increased consciousness, alterations in disease susceptibleness and vaccinum features, switching demographics, and familial fluctuations [ 2 ] . Although whooping cough is more terrible in babies and immature kids, the increasing incidence in striplings and grownups is a major concern as grownups are an of import beginning of transmittal to babies, infection in grownup cause ‘s important morbidity and high costs [ 3-5 ] . Stoping immunisation with whooping cough vaccinum in Sweden in a antecedently extremely immunised population resulted in the revival of the disease ( Mortimer 1988 ) . By 1994, an estimated 71 million whooping cough instances and 626 whooping cough deceases were being prevented worldwide each twelvemonth through immunisation ( Ivanoff A ; Robertson 1997 ) . In the absence of an immunisation programme 80 % of lasting neonates would get whooping cough in the first five old ages of life ( Fine A ; Clarkson 1984 ) . Due to concerns about safety and efficaciousness of whole-cell whooping cough vaccinum ( Romanus et al. , 1987 ) , diphtheria-tetanus-acellular whooping cough vaccinums ( DTPa ) were included in the Swedish inoculation plan at 3, 5 and 12 months of age in January 1996. Vaccination coverage quickly reached more than 98 % and an intensified clinical certification of reported laboratory-confirmed whooping cough in preschool kids started in October 1997. Sweden is a Norse state in Northern Europe, bordered by Norway on the West and Finland on the E, connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Oresund. It is the 3rd largest state in the European Union by country, holding a entire population of about 9.5 million and population denseness of 21 dwellers per square kilometre. Whooping cough Incidence in Sweden before and after debut of noncellular whooping cough vaccinums The incidence rates of whooping cough after the debut of noncellular whooping cough vaccinum were markedly lower compared to before debut ( See graph 1 ) . The decrease of the incidence of whooping cough was most marked in the age groups covered by the three doses of DTPa at 3, 5, and 12 months of age ( 1-2-year-old in 1998 to 1-4-year-old in 2000 ) , with highest incidence happening among babies who were unvaccinated or had received merely 1 dosage of diphtheria-tetanus-acellular whooping cough vaccinum. The incidence among unvaccinated 0-2-month-old kids was 235 per 100,000 individual old ages compared to an mean incidence of 337 per 100,000 individual old ages in that age group during the 10-year period 1986-1995 before debut of DTPa ( RR 0.70, 95 % assurance interval ( CI ) 0.59-0.83 ) . In kids who had received merely one dosage of whooping cough vaccinum the incidence was 230 per 100,000 individual old ages and including all kids in the age group 3-4 months the incidence was 30 4 compared to an mean incidence of 677 per 100,000 individual old ages in that age group during 1986-1995 ( RR 0.45, 95 % CI 037-0.54 ) . A pronounced diminution of the reported incidence occurred after the 2nd and 3rd dosage of DTPa. After the 2nd dosage the incidence was 52 per 100,000 individual old ages. In to the full vaccinated kids ( three doses of DTPa ) the incidence was 11 per 100,000 individual old ages in kids below 2 old ages of age and 37 per 100,000 thereafter. Decreases were besides seen among older preschool-age kids, in the age groups 25-34 old ages of age and in the +35 age groups, but non among kids aged 7-19 old ages. Degree centigrades: Documents and SettingsAdministratorDesktopEdinburgh hebdomad 1ASSIGNMT 2Important also1-s2.0-S0264410X02007776-gr1.gif The one-year incidence of culture-confirmed B. whooping cough was 89-150 per 100,000 before debut of noncellular whooping cough vaccinums. After a rapid bead in 1996-1997 the overall one-year incidence reached 17-26 per 100,000 individual old ages. The overall incidence of notified culture- and polymerase concatenation reaction-confirmed whooping cough dropped from 113 to 150 per 100,000 during 1992-1995 to 11 to 16 per 100,000 during 2001-2004. In countries of enhanced surveillance, the incidence of whooping cough was 31 per 100,000 person-years after 2 doses and 19 per 100,000 person-years after the 3rd dosage at 12 months of age. The age-specific incidence remained low for about 5 old ages after the 3rd dose but increased in kids aged 6 to 8 old ages, going 32 and 48 per 100,000 person-years, severally. Hospitalization due to pertussis During the period of 1997-2000, there were 145 hospital admittances due to culture-confirmed whooping cough among kids born 1996 or subsequently, demoing an overall incidence of 18 hospitalizations per 100,000 individual old ages. Most of these kids were unvaccinated ( n = 116 ) , out of these, 97 including two deceases were below 3 months of age ( incidence 158 per 100,000 individual old ages below 3 months of age ) . There were 25 hospital admittances among kids with whooping cough who had received one dosage of DTPa ( incidence 61 per 100,000 ) , and four among kids above 5 months of age who had received two or more doses of DTPa ( incidence 0.6 per 100,000 ) . The continuance of infirmary stay was longer in the unvaccinated kids compared to the immunized kids: hospitalization for more than 1 hebdomad was seen in 49 % ( 57 of 116 hospital admittances ) among unvaccinated kids, compared to 24 % ( 6 of 25 ) among kids who had received one dosage of DTPa, and none among the four hosp italized kids who had received two or more doses of DTPa. Economic impact of the disease Whooping cough may be a drawn-out, terrible and awful disease ensuing in serious sequelae, doing a considerable hurt to both the kid and the household as a whole ( Johnston et al. 1985 ) . Due to the long- permanent class of the disease, the patients are exhausted, lose appetency and weight, and have disturbed dormant wonts. Behavioral alterations observed in whooping cough patients include crossness, anxiousness, and reverses in development ( Mark A ; Granstrom 1992 ) . The disease hence becomes a â€Å" household matter † ( Mortimer 1990 ) because of societal and economic effects for the stricken households. Episodes of choking, apnoea or cyanosis in sick kids are straitening events for the full household. A survey reported disturbed slumber for 78 % of parents, with 53 % holding to go to to the kid 4 times or more each dark ( Mark A ; Granstrom 1992 ) . The economic effects of the disease include disbursals for medical visits and drugs, and the demand to remain at place f rom work for a drawn-out period to take attention of the sick kid. Meanwhile the cost of a non-hospitalised instance of whooping cough in Sweden is non documented, some European states has been estimated at ?22 per visit ( Netton and Dennet, 1999 ) and a 10-day class of Erythrocin at ?4.40 ( eBNF-36 ) . Hospital stay due to pertussis would be on mean 5 yearss at ?297 ( Netton and Dennet, 1999 ) per twenty-four hours plus extra follow up GP audiences, numbering ?1529 per patient, once more, approximately 12.5 % of hospitalised instances require specializer attention, sing on mean 4 yearss pediatric ITU attention for complications of whooping cough at ?1065 per twenty-four hours ( www.doh.gov.uk/nhsexec/refcosts/refcost2000.pdf ) and 12 yearss general ward stay, numbering ?7868 ( Matt et al. , 2001 ) . In the 1980s, the hospitalization rate attributable to pertussis in Sweden was 12 to 18 per cent for all ages ) and the average continuance of infirmary stay was 8 yearss for babies you nger than 6 months, 6 yearss for kids 6-11 months of age, and 4 yearss for patients older than 12 months ( Romanus, Jonsell A ; Bergquist 1987 ) . Issues coming up Long-run effectivity of this inoculation plan showed increased incidence of whooping cough among 7- to 8-year-olds ( i.e. chiefly noncellular whooping cough vaccine-vaccinated kids ) . This shows waning of vaccine-induced protection from whooping cough. There is a attendant addition in incidence among babies, most probably infected by older siblings, hence inoculation schemes need to be reinforced. Expanded inoculation should hold included adding supporter doses to bing childhood agendas ( preschool or stripling ) ( Gustafsson et al. , 2006 ) . Vaccine boosting has had marked possible benefits in several European states, Canada and USA ( aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦.. ) . Attempts should be directed to increase or keep coverage of babies with three doses of DPT vaccinum at 90 per cent or higher. Surveillance of whooping cough morbidity should be strengthened and, ideally, whooping cough should stay a reportable disease. Inoculation agenda should hold besides included specific grownup subgroups that have the highest hazard of conveying B. whooping cough infection to babies ( i.e. , new parents, other contacts of neonates, and wellness attention workers ) . Reported informations based on hospitalized instances may endure from disproportional representation of terrible instances in younger kids and babies. During eruptions, describing rates may increase because of temporarily enhanced consciousness of doctors, anxiousness in the community, and media attending ( Crombie 1983 ) . Merely an approximately 5 to 25 per cent of all whooping cough instances are reported in Developed states ( Jenkinson 1983, Hinman A ; Koplan 1984, Clarkson A ; Fine 1985, Thomas 1989 ) and is disproportionately higher for hospitalized patients with authoritative, laboratory- confirmed disease ( Centers for Disease Control 1990 ) . Decision Meeting the GIVS ends would intend protecting kids against 14 diseases which include whooping cough among others. With 90 % of kids under-five old ages old vaccinated against whooping cough among others, by 2015 immunisation could forestall an extra two million deceases a twelvemonth in this age group, doing a major part to meeting MDG 4. While the impact on child deceases entirely would be sufficient justification for the usage of vaccinums, the decrease of long-run disablement among kids and the cost nest eggs from decrease in clinic visits and hospitalization more than warrant their usage in kids everyplace. By maintaining kids healthy, immunisation lengthens life anticipation and the clip spent on productive activity, and thereby contributes to a decrease in poorness ( MDG 1 ) . Harmonizing to Harvard School of Public Health squad â€Å" Healthy kids execute better at school and healthy grownups are both more productive at work and better able to be given to the wellness and ins truction of their kids. Healthy households are besides more likely to salvage for the hereafter ; since they tend to hold fewer kids, resources spent on them go farther, thereby bettering their life chances † ( Bloom et al. , 2005 ) . How to cite Economic Impact Of The Disease Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples

Schizophrenia Case Study free essay sample

She was transferred to a medical floor, where she was treated with warfarin and coumadin until her INR levels reached a normal range of 2. 4. She has since been transferred back to the inpatient psychiatry service for continued treatment of her psychosis. She has been treated for bipolar, anxiety and OCD. She has history of attending marriage counseling with her husband. M. has a history of chronic back pain that caused her to take leave from her job as a librarian. She has been unemployed for two years. Her pain was initially treated with opiod painkillers, which she later became addicted to. She attended rehab in 2008 and completed detox from opioid painkillers. She attributes her recent exacerbation of anxiety to an increase in her back pain. The current episode of paranoia and delusions that caused her to seek treatment on 9/11 is new for her. Nursing Focus My overall impression was that she seemed anxious, apprehensive and highly fearful. We will write a custom essay sample on Schizophrenia Case Study or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The immediate priorities for her nursing care are environmental/physical safety nutrition/fluid intake, and psychosis symptom anagement. Once these are stabilized, we can move into working at acknowledging and normalizing her fear as well as identifying how she can develop new effective coping strategies. Epidemiology According to the WHO World Health Report 2007 depression is very common and considered one of the oldest clinical mood disorders responsible for morbidity worldwide. Approximately 20. 9 million American adults aged 18 or over experience depression at some point in their lifetime. Major Depression is the leading cause of disability in the United States for ages 15-44 (WHO, 2007. It affects men women and children worldwide, while crossing all cultural and socioeconomic groups. Men are at lower lifetime risk for experiencing a major depression, 7-12% compared to women, 20-30% (Stuart, 2012, p. 291). Pathophysiology Depression is caused by multifaceted exchange between bio logy, psychological and sociological factors. A few different models define this dynamic. The biopsychosocial model explains depression through the interplay of biological, psychological and social factors which combine and together are responsible for causing depression. The stress model specifies that some people have preexisting genetic vulnerability, or tendency, towards depression that is activated by stressful life events. The Monamine Hypothesis suggests that depressed people have overproduction of the enzyme MAO-A which causes lower levels of monoamines (Porth 1371). Most agree that brain chemistry plays a significant role in depression as evidenced by neurological changes seen on the brains of depressed people. PET and MRI scans have shown a reduction in gray matter and decreased activity in the prefrontal cortex (Porth 1371).

Idealists and realists

In his analysis, Jessica Matthews observes that the steady concentration of power in the hands of states, which began with the signing of the treaty of Westphalia, is no more (Bova 252). In her view, there are many actors in the international system, including state and non-state actors. On the other hand, Krasner notes that the state is still the only powerful actor in the international system because it enjoys sovereignty (Bova 237).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Idealists and realists specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Idealists and realists have strong arguments as regards to the power of the state in the international system. To realists such as Krasner, the state is the only unit of analysis while idealists observe that there are many actors in the international system. Matthews’ analysis suggests that the international system is a community of both states and human beings. In this regard, foreign po licy formulation should recognize all actors. Therefore, the role of non-governmental institutions in foreign policy formulation should be respected. On their part, realists note that the international system dictates what should be done. In other words, individuals have no power to influence foreign policy formulation process because the process is dictated by changes in the international system. The international system is anarchical according to realists implying that there is no centralized authority. The reality of the matter is that the role of the state in the international system is diminishing due to the emergence of other actors such as international organizations, supranational organizations, and Multinational Corporations. In this regard, states must consider the views of other institutions before coming up with foreign decisions. In the current international system, the influence of Multinational Companies cannot be neglected. Some Multinational Corporations have adequa te resources that they use to influence states to make certain policies that favor them. In the developing countries, states do not control foreign policies because of the presence of rich individuals and Multinational Corporations. For instance, George Soros influenced the foreign policy making process in the communist states because he was extremely rich. He funded programs that aimed at eliminating communism. This affected the foreign behavior of states because they had to obey the rules set by an individual. Institutions such as the International Criminal Court affect the foreign behavior of states in a number of ways. States cannot act in a way that would invite criticisms from the ICC. In Kenya, the ICC has always shaped the foreign behavior of the state for the last five years. The state has been forced to comply with the provisions of the court in order to enjoy good diplomatic relations. Realists would argue that powerful states force weak states to sign agreements that do not favor their domestic interests. For instance, the US forces states to enter into agreements, such as being members of the ICC, yet it is not a member itself. This shows that powerful states use international institutions to achieve their national interests.Advertising Looking for essay on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In the international system, behavior of states is based on morality meaning that states observe international codes and morals. Realists would argue that morality is not considered when pursuing national interests because the end justifies the means. However, idealists do not share this belief because universal interests are crucial as opposed to national interests. Since states have a duty beyond their national borders, idealists observe that human rights must always be observed whenever a state engages in conflicts with other states. Organizations such as Amnesty International ar e recognized as genuine actors in the international system because of their efforts to fight for human rights. Realists agree that states must intervene militarily to restore democracy. However, states must conduct themselves in a manner that would guarantee fairness and equality. This means that professional codes of conducts must be observed whenever executing duties in foreign countries. In the battlefields, soldiers are expected to conduct themselves professionally by keeping away from heinous acts of crime such as rape, unnecessary murder, robbery, and violence. The US forces are always accused of unleashing terror to innocent people whenever they are sent to restore peace and democracy in war torn zones. Since American foreign policy makers appreciate morality, soldiers are usually charged in the martial courts, and stiff penalties are imposed on the accused. Idealism applies in the international system because international law has always guided the behavior of states. Cooper ation is one of the tenets of idealism, which is frequently employed in the current international system. Terrorism, environmental degradation, and the south-north gap pose threats to countries forcing them to collaborate to forge a working relationship. States cannot exist in isolation due to the threats posed by terrorists. Terrorism is a problem that affects both the rich and the poor states. It does not spare communists because terrorists do not care whether the leadership of the state employs capitalism or communism. An ideological difference among states is not a matter of concern to terrorists. States have struggled to form a global organization that oversees the production and consumption of nuclear energy due to threats of terrorism. States are concerned with how the weapons of mass destruction are produced and utilized. It would be disastrous in case the weapons get into the hands of terrorists. Therefore, the Atomic Agency is an organization that is charged with the respo nsibility of ensuring that nuclear energy does not get into the hands of terrorists. The organization has the right to investigate and inspect the production of nuclear energy in all countries.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Idealists and realists specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More States cooperate when it comes to nuclear disarmament programs because nuclear weapons threaten the security of all states. Under this argument, realists would argue that powerful states do not want weak states to acquire nuclear energy because it would threaten their national interests. Idealists believe that democracy and egalitarianism are particularly beneficial in attaining collective goals. In this regard, public opinion should always be considered when formulating foreign policy. Powerful states will always intervene militarily to restore democracy in regions affected by conflicts. The US was justified to intervene militarily in Iraq and Afghanistan because the regimes of these countries interfered with the rights of citizens. In Libya, Egypt, and Tunisia, the role of NATO was hailed because the regimes never considered public opinion when making policies. In the international system, states have always worked together to achieve collective security. The principles guiding states are based on norms, but not powers as suggested by realists. Realists give a contradictory opinion. They suggest that foreign policy is considered high politics meaning that public opinion should never be incorporated into foreign policy making process. In fact, realists believe that states form alliances due to mistrust and suspicion. According to realists, states would always do anything possible to maintain sovereignty. According to realists, the human nature is selfish and brutal. In this regard, national interests influence the formation of international organizations. Works Cited Bova, Russell. How the World Works A Brief Su rvey of International Relations. Boston: Pearson Longman, 2012. Print. Bova, Russell. Readings on How the World Works, Current Issues in International Relations. New York: Pearson, 2010. Print. This essay on Idealists and realists was written and submitted by user Ashlyn Buckley to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. 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Free Essays on Claras Internal Struggle

Clara’s Internal Struggle The family nurtures our earliest perceptions of the surrounding world. The family is what remembers us and continues our legacy when we pass away. Alex Haley once said, â€Å"In every conceivable manner, the family is a link to our past, a bridge to our future.† What we know of our family heritage helps us fashion our own identity; the descendants we bring up is all that remains of us after. Without knowledge of our family, our own existence alone means comparatively nothing. Most of our societal rules and norms revolve around many of our basic needs. Food, shelter, and sexual drives are a few of the things most of our society revolves around. The world has become far more complex and civilized that bashing the heads of our fellow humans will not be the most appropriate method to satisfy these drives. Many Sociologists believe that our sexual drives come from an instinctive need to pass on our seed to the next generation. How we go about doing this is another issue. Some people blaze a trail in the annals of this world before bidding farewell. They may not leave something behind physically as a son or a daughter to carry on their family name and traditions, but when they leave the world it is a changed place, and it is their legacy that continues on. We remember them for their acts of courage in the face of danger, victory when all odds are against them, and infamy enough to render the whole of history speechless. Most, however, have their children to honor their name after they depart this life. Though a little subtler than the former, it is an effective way human beings have survived, by passing down a piece of themselves to the next generation, through education, customs, food, culture, and genetics. Without family, a being would be neglecting him of something very basic in regards to survival in the grand scheme. Clara Holdfelder had many things that most women her age would envy: ... Free Essays on Clara's Internal Struggle Free Essays on Clara's Internal Struggle Clara’s Internal Struggle The family nurtures our earliest perceptions of the surrounding world. The family is what remembers us and continues our legacy when we pass away. Alex Haley once said, â€Å"In every conceivable manner, the family is a link to our past, a bridge to our future.† What we know of our family heritage helps us fashion our own identity; the descendants we bring up is all that remains of us after. Without knowledge of our family, our own existence alone means comparatively nothing. Most of our societal rules and norms revolve around many of our basic needs. Food, shelter, and sexual drives are a few of the things most of our society revolves around. The world has become far more complex and civilized that bashing the heads of our fellow humans will not be the most appropriate method to satisfy these drives. Many Sociologists believe that our sexual drives come from an instinctive need to pass on our seed to the next generation. How we go about doing this is another issue. Some people blaze a trail in the annals of this world before bidding farewell. They may not leave something behind physically as a son or a daughter to carry on their family name and traditions, but when they leave the world it is a changed place, and it is their legacy that continues on. We remember them for their acts of courage in the face of danger, victory when all odds are against them, and infamy enough to render the whole of history speechless. Most, however, have their children to honor their name after they depart this life. Though a little subtler than the former, it is an effective way human beings have survived, by passing down a piece of themselves to the next generation, through education, customs, food, culture, and genetics. Without family, a being would be neglecting him of something very basic in regards to survival in the grand scheme. Clara Holdfelder had many things that most women her age would envy: ...

Midterm Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Midterm Questions - Essay Example Anaximander, another Miletian philosopher and is said to be the first writer of philosophy, was said to be the first to draw a map and have speculated that the earth is not flat but spherical floating in air. The first scientific idea on the evolution of man is said to have be Anaximander’s first ideas out of his curiosity. 2. Part 1. For Anaximander the earth is cylindrical in shape; curved and round like a drum with flat surfaces and stays in equilibrium at the center of the cosmos. The heavenly bodies are according to him ‘breathing holes’ in the air. By this Anaximander is trying to explain the existence of the earth the sun and other elements in the sky. It is included in the history of philosophy because philosophy seeks to define what is real the same way Anaximander tries to relate the earth and the cosmos in a cyclical manner of things—why the sun, the moon and the stars are present in a cyclical pattern (Stamatellos,2006). Part 2. For Anaximander the earth never moves because in his cosmos the earth floats in the center and remains there by the forces surrounding it. Three of his astronomical speculations are: (1) that the celestial bodies make full circles and pass also beneath the earth, (2) that the earth floats free and unsupported in space, and (3) that the celestial bodies lie behind one another. Thus in his cosmos the earth is unmoved and everything else revolves around it (Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2012). 3. Anaximenes’ grand theory talks about the air as major predecessors of things. He pointed out that the moisture from the earth has formed other heavenly bodies. Although Anaximenes’ belief is that the planets, sun and stars including the earth are flat disks, his assumption that these are above an â€Å"all-encompassing air† is one that is closely associated to modern thought of his time (Lawson, 2004). Anaximenes has his own way of explaining the difference between the planet and t he stars; that the planets are moving in connection with air while the stars are fixed on its positions. These ways of thinking are one of the closest founding theories of his time. Anaximenes also imparted the significance of hot and cold on the formation of existing bodies. His works became a global inspiration on the discovery of atomic properties of matter. Anaximenes’ beliefs centered on air as the primary ingredient in the formation of the universe. In comparison, Thales believed that water is the main predecessor, while Anaximander held on to the theory of the constant and limitless source of life. 4. a. Draw and label all of the parts of the Square of Opposition. (Image source: International Encyclopedia of Philosophy) b. Suppose that the proposition â€Å"Some* are* joggers*† is false*. For each one of the corresponding propositions, state whether it may be immediately inferred to be true or false. Provide a succinct explanation of how you reached one of your immediately inferred conclusions. A. All are joggers- universal affirmative E. Not all are joggers- universal negation I. Some are joggers- particular affirmative O. some are not joggers- particular negation Proposition A is false because not all people are joggers some can be swimmers and other kinds of athletes. While proposition E states true that some people are joggers